Cara mengaktifkan atau menonaktifkan repositori di CentOS

Cara mengaktifkan atau menonaktifkan repositori di CentOS

Saya yakin sebagian besar dari Anda menggunakan banyak repositori YUM untuk menginstal perangkat lunak pada distribusi berbasis RPM seperti RHEL, CentOS, Fedora dll Terkadang, Anda mungkin ingin menginstal perangkat lunak dari sekelompok repositori khusus, atau Anda mungkin ingin menonaktifkan semua repositori , dan menginstal sebuah paket dari satu repositori. Jika Anda pernah bertanya-tanya bagaimana melakukan itu, ini dia.

Tutorial singkat ini menjelaskan bagaimana mengaktifkan atau menonaktifkan satu atau sekelompok repositori YUM saat menginstal perangkat lunak di CentOS. Panduan ini diuji di server CentOS 7, namun metode yang sama harus bekerja pada Fedora, RHEL, Scientific Linux, dan distribusi Linux berbasis RPM lainnya.

Mari kita mulai.

Seperti yang sudah Anda ketahui, kami dapat mencantumkan jumlah repositori yang tersedia di CentOS dengan menggunakan perintah berikut sebagai pengguna root:

yum repolist

Contoh keluaran:

Plugin dimuat: tercepatmirror
Memuat kecepatan cermin dari cache hostfile
 * dasar: mirrors.vinahost.vn
 * epel: mirror.rise.ph
 * ekstra: mirrors.viethosting.vn
 * remi-safe: rpms.remirepo.net
 * update: mirrors.vinahost.vn
status repo id repo name
base / 7 / x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base 9.007
Paket Ekstra untuk Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 10.075
ekstra / 7 / x86_64 CentOS-7 - Ekstra 305
reparasi RPM Aman Remi aman untuk Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 820
update / 7 / x86_64 CentOS-7 - Pembaruan 1.676
repolist: 21,883

Seperti yang Anda lihat pada output di atas, saya telah menambahkan dua repositori tambahan lainnya yaitu EPEL , dan REMI . Ini adalah repositori penting yang menyediakan paket yang tidak ditemukan di gudang resmi CentOS.

Satu hal adalah kapan pun Anda menjalankan perintah "yum update", repositori tambahan akan diperbarui. Jadi, paket dari repositori itu juga akan diperbarui ke versi terbaru yang tersedia. Terkadang, Anda tidak ingin menginstal paket terbaru, dan ingin tetap menggunakan versi lama. Dalam kasus tersebut, Anda dapat mengecualikan repositori, sehingga paket dari repositori itu tidak akan ditingkatkan juga. Ini akan sangat membantu ketika sebuah perangkat lunak membutuhkan paket versi tertentu untuk bekerja dengan baik.

Kita bisa mengaktifkan atau menonaktifkan repositori dengan dua cara.

Untuk sementara mengaktifkan atau menonaktifkan repositori saat menginstal paket menggunakan perintah 'yum'
Aktifkan secara permanen / Nonaktifkan repositori menggunakan file konfigurasi repositori


1. Aktifkan atau nonaktifkan repositori untuk sementara

Ini adalah metode pilihan saya. Dengan metode ini, Kami sementara dapat mengecualikan repositori untuk mencegah agar paket tidak diperbarui.

Mari kita lihat sebuah contoh.
yum --disablerepo = update remi-safe

Atau,
yum update --disablerepo = remi-safe

Perintah di atas menonaktifkan repositori REMI untuk sementara dan memperbarui sistem CentOS.

Untuk menonaktifkan beberapa repositori, cukup sertakan repositori yang dipisahkan dengan koma seperti ditunjukkan di bawah ini.
yum --disablerepo = remi-safe, update update

Perintah di atas akan menonaktifkan REMI dan update (CentOS official repository) untuk sementara.

Anda bisa menggunakan metode untuk menginstal sebuah paket juga.
yum --disablerepo = remi-safe, update install httpd

Contoh keluaran:






Demikian pula, Anda dapat mengaktifkan dan menonaktifkan repositori tertentu sekaligus dengan perintah 'yum'.

Lihatlah perintah berikut.
yum --disablerepo = * --enablerepo = update epel

Contoh keluaran:
Plugin dimuat: tercepatmirror
Memuat kecepatan cermin dari cache hostfile
 * epel: mirror.pregi.net
Tidak ada paket yang ditandai untuk update

Perintah di atas akan menonaktifkan semua repositori lain kecuali repositori 'epel'.

2. Mengaktifkan atau menonaktifkan repositori secara permanen

Metode ini akan mengaktifkan atau menonaktifkan repositori secara permanen.

Biasanya, file konfigurasi repositori akan disimpan di direktori /etc/yum.repos.d/ .

Mari kita lihat repositori yang tersedia dengan menggunakan perintah.
ls /etc/yum.repos.d/

Contoh keluaran:
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Media.repo epel-testing.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Sources.repo remi-php70.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Vault.repo remi.repo
CentOS-fasttrack.repo epel.repo remi-safe.repo

Mari kita nonaktifkan repositori, misalnya EPEL.

Untuk melakukannya, edit file repositori EPEL:
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo

Ubah nilai yang diaktifkan = 1 sampai 0 (nol).


[epel]
name = Paket Ekstra untuk Enterprise Linux 7 - $ basearch
# baseurl = http: //download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/$basearch
mirrorlist = https: //mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink? repo = epel-7 & arch = $ basearch
failovermethod = prioritas
diaktifkan = 0
gpgcheck = 1
gpgkey = file: /// etc / pki / rpm-gpg / RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7



Simpan dan tutup file. Perbarui daftar repositori untuk menerapkan perubahan.
yum repolist

Demikian pula, ubah nilai garis 'aktifkan' ke 1 untuk mengaktifkan repositori.

Anda tahu sekarang bagaimana mengaktifkan atau menonaktifkan khusus atau sekelompok repositori. Seperti yang bisa Anda lihat di tutorial ini, ini sangat mudah dilakukan. Itu saja untuk saat ini. Semoga panduan ini bisa membantu anda.

Salam mumet bro hehehe

Cara Instal otomatis mengkonfigurasi Nginx dengan php-fpm dan satu dari MySQL, database PostgreSQL

Cara Instal otomatis mengkonfigurasi Nginx dengan php-fpm dan satu dari MySQL, database PostgreSQL

Artikel ini akan membantu kita semua untuk menginstal secara otomatis, mengkonfigurasi Nginx dengan PHP-FPM, mengkonfigurasi virtual host dan akan membuat kita memilih salah satu database MySQL atau PostgreSQL. 
Kami memiliki dua server. CentOS7 dan FreeBSD10.

GIT repository untuk kode . Untuk mendownload kode dari gudang GIT Anda harus menginstal GIT dan menggunakan perintah berikut: 
# git clone https://github.com/jamalshahverdiev/nginx-phphpm-mysql-postgresql.git

Untuk menginstal dan mengkonfigurasi Python2.7 atau Python3.4 di laptop atau di server kita bisa menggunakan script ini .

./ngphfpmypg.py script memerlukan masukan dari konsol untuk IP, login, pass, nama host virtual, nama db, pengguna db dan untuk db pass. 
Jika masuk Virtual Host ada pada script server akan memberikan script baru dengan nama ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py untuk menambahkan virtual host. 
Script bekerja pada server CentOS7 dan FreeBSD10. Saya melakukan tes untuk masing-masing server.

Mari kita mulai menginstal dan mengkonfigurasi Nginx dengan MySQL dan PHP-FPM untuk setiap server:
fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.20
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is CentOS server...
Please be patient, installing nginx server...
Nginx server installed and configured...
1. If you want install and configure MySQL with PHP-FPM write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. If you want install and configure PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select: 1
You have selected "Enter" button!!!
Please be patient, it will take some time...
SQL service already running...
Enter name for new database: linuxdb
Enter user name for database: linuxuser
Enter pass for linuxuser:
Repeat pass for linuxuser:
Entered passwords must be the same. Please enter passwords again.
Please enter password:
Please repeat password:
The password set successfully!
MySQL, Nginx and PHP-FPM installed and configured...

fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.40
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is FreeBSD server...
Please be patient, installing nginx server...
Nginx server installed and configured...
1. If you want install and configure MySQL with PHP-FPM write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. If you want install and configure PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select: 1
You have chose MySQL with PHP-FPM!
Please be patient, it will take some time...
SQL service already running...
Enter name for new database: linuxdb
Enter user name for database: linuxuser
Enter pass for linuxuser:
Repeat pass for linuxuser:
MySQL, Nginx and PHP-FPM installed and configured...

Sekarang saya akan menginstal dan mengkonfigurasi Nginx dengan php-fpm dan PostgreSQL untuk masing-masing sevrers:
fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.20
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is CentOS server...
Please be patient, installing nginx server...
Nginx server installed and configured...
1. If you want install and configure MySQL with PHP-FPM write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. If you want install and configure PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select: 2
You have chose PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM!
Please be patient, it will take some time...
SQL service already running...
Enter name for new database: linuxdb
Enter user name for database: linuxuser
Enter pass for linuxuser:
Repeat pass for linuxuser:
Entered passwords must be the same. Please enter passwords again.
Please enter password:
Please repeat password:
Entered passwords must be the same. Please enter passwords again.
Please enter password:
Please repeat password:
The password set successfully!
PostgreSQL, Nginx and PHP-FPM installed and configured...

fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.40
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is FreeBSD server...
Please be patient, installing nginx server...
Nginx server installed and configured...
1. If you want install and configure MySQL with PHP-FPM write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. If you want install and configure PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select: 2
You have chose PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM!
Please be patient, it will take some time...
SQL service already running...
Enter name for new database: linuxdb
Enter user name for database: linuxuser
Enter pass for linuxuser:
Repeat pass for linuxuser:
Entered passwords must be the same. Please enter passwords again.
Please enter password:
Please repeat password:
The password set successfully!
PostgreSQL, Nginx and PHP-FPM installed and configured...

Cobalah menambahkan virtual host yang ada untuk masing-masing server:
fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.20
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is CentOS server...
You have already installed and running Nginx web server...
If you want add new VirtualHost, please use ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py script.

fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.40
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is FreeBSD server...
You have already installed and running Nginx web server...
If you want add new VirtualHost, please use ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py script.

Cobalah untuk menambahkan virtual host baru dan tidak menginstal database apapun:
fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.20
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is CentOS server...
Please be patient, installing nginx server...
Nginx server installed and configured...
1. If you want install and configure MySQL with PHP-FPM write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. If you want install and configure PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select:
You pressed "Enter" button, exiting!!!

fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.40
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is FreeBSD server...
Please be patient, installing nginx server...
Nginx server installed and configured...
1. If you want install and configure MySQL with PHP-FPM write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. If you want install and configure PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select:
You pressed "Enter" button, exiting!!!

Sekarang saya akan menggunakan script ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py untuk setiap server untuk menambahkan virtual host baru.

Cobalah menambahkan virtual host yang ada untuk masing-masing server:
fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.20
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is CentOS server...
You have already installed and running Nginx web server...
If you want add new VirtualHost, please use ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py script.

fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.40
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is FreeBSD server...
You have already installed and running Nginx web server...
If you want add new VirtualHost, please use ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py script.

Cobalah untuk menambahkan virtual host baru dan tidak menginstal database apapun:
fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.20
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is CentOS server...
Please be patient, installing nginx server...
Nginx server installed and configured...
1. If you want install and configure MySQL with PHP-FPM write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. If you want install and configure PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select:
You pressed "Enter" button, exiting!!!

fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.40
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is FreeBSD server...
Please be patient, installing nginx server...
Nginx server installed and configured...
1. If you want install and configure MySQL with PHP-FPM write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. If you want install and configure PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select:
You pressed "Enter" button, exiting!!!

Sekarang saya akan menggunakan script ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py untuk setiap server untuk menambahkan virtual host baru.

Coba tambahkan nama host virtual yang ada:
fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.20
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is CentOS server...
Entered domain name linux.com is already exists on the 172.16.100.20 server!!!
Please enter different name than "linux.com" !!!

fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.40
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linux.com
This is FreeBSD server...
Entered domain name linux.com is already exists on the 172.16.100.40 server!!!
Please enter different name than "linux.com" !!!

Coba tambahkan virtual host baru dengan database MySQL yang tidak terkonfigurasi:
fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.20
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: unixmen.com
This is CentOS server...
You have already running Nginx web server...
Virtual host unixmen.com already configured...
1. To add MySQL database for this virtual host write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. To add PostgreSQL database for this virtual host write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select: 1
You have chose MySQL with PHP-FPM!
Please check SQL service!!!

fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.40
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: unixmen.com
This is FreeBSD server...
You have already running Nginx web server...
Virtual host unixmen.com already configured...
1. To add MySQL database for this virtual host write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. To add PostgreSQL database for this virtual host write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select: 1
You have chose MySQL with PHP-FPM!
Please check SQL service!!!

Coba tambahkan virtual host baru dengan database PostgreSQL yang sudah terkonfigurasi:
fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.20
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linuxmen.com
This is CentOS server...
You have already running Nginx web server...
Virtual host linuxmen.com already configured...
1. To add MySQL database for this virtual host write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. To add PostgreSQL database for this virtual host write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select: 2
You have chose PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM!
You have already running PostgreSQL database server...
Enter name for new database: linuxmendb
Enter user name for database: linuxmenuser
Enter pass for linuxmenuser:
Repeat pass for linuxmenuser:
Entered passwords must be the same. Please enter passwords again.
Please enter password:
Please repeat password:
The password set successfully!
PostgreSQL database and Nginx configured for your site: linuxmen.com

fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.40
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: linuxmen.com
This is FreeBSD server...
You have already running Nginx web server...
Virtual host linuxmen.com already configured...
1. To add MySQL database for this virtual host write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. To add PostgreSQL database for this virtual host write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select: 2
You have chose PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM!
You have already running PostgreSQL database server...
Enter name for new database: linuxmendb
Enter user name for database: linuxmenuser
Enter pass for linuxmenuser:
Repeat pass for linuxmenuser:
Entered passwords must be the same. Please enter passwords again.
Please enter password:
Please repeat password:
The password set successfully!
PostgreSQL database and Nginx configured for your site: linuxmen.com

Cobalah menambahkan virtual host baru dengan database PostgreSQL yang tidak terkonfigurasi:
fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.20
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: freebsd.com
This is CentOS server...
You have already running Nginx web server...
Virtual host freebsd.com already configured...
1. To add MySQL database for this virtual host write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. To add PostgreSQL database for this virtual host write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select: 2
You have chose PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM!
Please check SQL service!!!

fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.20
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: freebsd.com
This is CentOS server...
You have already running Nginx web server...
Virtual host freebsd.com already configured...
1. To add MySQL database for this virtual host write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. To add PostgreSQL database for this virtual host write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select: 2
You have chose PostgreSQL with PHP-FPM!
Please check SQL service!!!

Pada akhirnya, cobalah menambahkan virtual host baru dengan database MySQL yang sudah dikonfigurasi:
fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.20
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: unixmen.com
This is CentOS server...
You have already running Nginx web server...
Virtual host unixmen.com already configured...
1. To add MySQL database for this virtual host write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. To add PostgreSQL database for this virtual host write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select: 1
You have chose MySQL with PHP-FPM!
You have already running MySQL database server...
Enter name for new database: unixmendb
Enter user name for database: unixmenuser
Enter pass for unixmenuser:
Repeat pass for unixmenuser:
Entered passwords must be the same. Please enter passwords again.
Please enter password:
Please repeat password:
The password set successfully!
MySQL database and Nginx configured for your site: unixmen.com

fpyvenv ngmysqlphpng # ./add-vhost-ngphfpmypg.py
Please enter WEB server IP address: 172.16.100.40
Please enter username for UNIX/Linux server: root
Password:
Please enter site name: unixmen.com
This is FreeBSD server...
You have already running Nginx web server...
Virtual host unixmen.com already configured...
1. To add MySQL database for this virtual host write 1 and press "Enter"!!!
2. To add PostgreSQL database for this virtual host write 2 and press "Enter"!!!
3. If you want to exit from script just press "Enter" button.
Please select: 1
You have chose MySQL with PHP-FPM!
You have already running MySQL database server...
Enter name for new database: unixmendb
Enter user name for database: unixmenuser
Enter pass for unixmenuser:
Repeat pass for unixmenuser:
Entered passwords must be the same. Please enter passwords again.
Please enter password:
Please repeat password:
The password set successfully!
MySQL database and Nginx configured for your site: unixmen.com